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1.Thermogravimetric Analysis(TGA)：Thermogravimetric analysis is a technique used to study the weight changes in a material as a function of temperature. It can be used to determine the thermal stability and composition of the material. TGA is commonly used to analyze the thermal degradation of polymers and composites.
2.Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC)：Differential scanning calorimetry is a technique used to measure the heat flow into or out of a sample as a function of temperature or time. DSC is commonly used to study the phase transitions, crystallinity, and thermal properties of materials.
3.Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR)：Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy is a technique used to identify chemical functional groups in a material based on their characteristic absorption bands in the infrared region. FTIR is commonly used for material identification and characterization.
4.Thermal Conductivity Measurement：Thermal conductivity measurement is a technique used to determine the ability of a material to conduct heat. It is important for assessing the thermal management properties of materials used in high-temperature applications.
5.Heat Release Rate Measurement：Heat release rate measurement is a technique used to quantify the amount of heat released by a material as it burns. This measurement is crucial for assessing the flammability and fire safety of materials.
6.X-Ray Diffraction (XRD)：X-ray diffraction is a technique used to analyze the crystal structure of a material. XRD can provide information about the phases present, crystallinity, and grain size of the material.
7.Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)：Scanning electron microscopy is a technique used to visualize the surface morphology of a material at high magnification. SEM can provide detailed information about the microstructure and surface features of a material.
8.Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS)：Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy is a technique used to determine the elemental composition of a material. EDS is commonly used in conjunction with SEM to analyze the chemical composition of samples.
9.Thermomechanical Analysis (TMA)：Thermomechanical analysis is a technique used to measure the dimensional changes in a material as a function of temperature. TMA can provide information about the thermal expansion, glass transition, and softening behavior of materials.
10.Pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (Py-GC/MS)：Pyrolysis-GC/MS is a technique used to analyze the decomposition products of a material under controlled heating. It can provide information about the decomposition pathways and chemical composition of materials.
11.Thermally Stimulated Current (TSC)：Thermally stimulated current is a technique used to study the electrical properties of insulating materials. TSC can provide information about charge trapping, detrapping, and conductivity mechanisms in the material.
12.Rheological Analysis：Rheological analysis is a technique used to study the flow and deformation behavior of materials. Rheological measurements can provide information about the viscoelastic properties and processability of materials.
13.Dielectric Spectroscopy：Dielectric spectroscopy is a technique used to study the electrical response of materials to an applied electric field as a function of frequency. Dielectric spectroscopy can provide information about the polarization, conductivity, and relaxation processes in materials.
14.Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA)：Thermal gravimetric analysis is a technique used to study the weight changes in a material as a function of temperature. TGA is commonly used to determine the thermal stability and composition of the material.
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